Can I track a phone without a sim card using an app?

I’m wondering if it’s possible to track a phone that doesn’t have a SIM card inserted, maybe something like an old device or a tablet running on Wi-Fi only, using one of these monitoring apps. Does the app rely on cellular data or GPS signals that need a SIM, or can it work purely through internet connection like Wi-Fi? I’d love to know the limitations and any specific apps that handle this well for parental control or device recovery purposes.